The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 8-channel, low-power, 8-/10-/12-bit, voltage-output digital-to-analog converters (DACs) include output buffers and an internal 3ppm/°C reference that is selectable to be 2.048V, 2.500V, or 4.096V. The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 accept a wide supply voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V with extremely low power (6mW) consumption to accommodate most low-voltage applications. A precision external reference input allows rail-to-rail operation and presents a 100kΩ (typ) load to an external reference.The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 have an I2C-compatible, 2-wire interface that operates at clock rates up to 400kHz. The DAC output is buffered and has a low supply current of less than 250µA per channel and a low offset error of ±0.5mV (typ). On power-up, the MAX5823/ MAX5824/MAX5825 reset the DAC outputs to zero or midscale based on the status of M/active-low Z logic input, providing flexibility for a variety of control applications. The internal reference is initially powered down to allow use of an external reference. The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 allow simultaneous output updates using software LOAD commands or the hardware load DAC logic input (active-low LDAC).The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 feature a watchdog function which can be enabled to monitor the I/O interface for activity and integrity.A clear logic input (active-low CLR) allows the contents of the CODE and the DAC registers to be cleared asynchronously and simultaneously sets the DAC outputs to the programmable default value. The MAX5823/MAX5824/MAX5825 are available in a 20-pin TSSOP and an ultra-small, 20-bump WLP package and are specified over the -40°C to +125°C temperature range.ApplicationsAutomatic Tuning and Optical ControlGain and Offset AdjustmentPortable InstrumentationPower Amplifier Control and BiasingProcess Control and Servo LoopsProgrammable Voltage and Current Sources